Wednesday, July 17, 2013

Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency

The effects of growth hormone deficiency are well recognized in adults. They usually possess a short stature in comparison to their peers of same age and sex. The recognized effects include reduced muscle mass and strength, reduced energy, impaired concentration and memory loss, cardiac dysfunction, and increased body fat. Other physical and physiological symptoms include poor bone density, loss of strength, social withdrawal, depression, reduced stamina, etc. Growth deficiency can be acquired in childhood or adult life. Decreased nutritional intake, medication, gastrointestinal disorders, etc. result in damage to the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus. Growth hormone deficiency is complex because it involves a chain of events. Pituitary gland also known as the ‘master gland’ situated in the middle of the skull secretes growth hormone in response to the chemical message received from hypothalamus.

Having adult growth hormone deficiency means you may have to deal with various symptoms. This is because growth hormone manages physiological feelings. Coping with stunted growth is difficult. Therapies and support groups are helpful to these children. Severe growth hormone deficiency is termed as peak growth hormone deficiency in adults. Growth hormone deficiency may result from pituitary tumours and their treatment. Common signs and symptoms are weakening of heart muscle and contraction, increased blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, decreased capacity to do work, obesity, decreased bone density, osteoporosis, decreased muscle size and mass, decreased lean body mass, low blood sugar, dizziness or fainting, weakness or tiredness, headaches, poor concentration and memory, nervousness or anxiety, decreased social contact, feeling of hopelessness and acute depression.

Somatotropin, another name for growth hormone, is secreted by anterior part of pituitary gland. The diagnosis also requires a prior history of any childhood growth deficiency or any other pituitary diseases. Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy can be considered to restore to a great extent the normal body functioning, including energy, metabolism and body composition. A physical examination such as measurement of body weight, height and body proportions as well as normal body intelligence is conducted prior to any treatment. An X-ray examination to examine the growth of bones and muscle density is considered to evaluate the bone mass and muscle strength.

The studies have demonstrated that adults with growth hormone deficiency are both physically and physiologically less healthy than their companions and colleagues. A wide range of techniques have been used to access body composition and detect any deficiencies in the human body. A lack to response to standard growth hormone stimulation testes is required for accurate diagnosis. Growth hormone or somatotropin is often the first hormone to be lost or reduced in pituitary and hypothalamus disorders. As adult ages, it is normal to observe the diminishing of growth hormone secreted from the pituitary hormone. Growth hormone also functions in adulthood to maintain muscle strength, bone density and poorly understood effects of mood.  Growth hormone deficiency can be treated by replacing growth hormone with daily injections under the skin or into the muscle. The cost of treatment may vary in terms of money, effort and impact on daily life.

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